{
  "title": "Era Dabla-Norris — CV",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/dabla-norris-era",
  "canonical": "https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/dabla-norris-era",
  "overlayPath": "/en/research/researcher-cv/author/dabla-norris-era/index.md",
  "summary": "Era Dabla-Norris is the Mission Chief to Vietnam and Division Chief in the IMF's Asia and Pacific Department. Prior to this she was a Division Chief in the IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department where she led the work on tax compliance and productivity using administrative data. Since joining the IMF she has worked on a range of advanced, emerging market, and low-income countries and published widely on a variety of topics, including the economics and political economy of tax policy reforms, climate, growth, productivity, debt, trade, labor, inequality, and gender. Her research has also been profiled regularly in leading global newspapers and magazines such as The Economist, Financial Times, Bloomberg, BBC, and CNN. She is a contributing member of the Global Futures Council of the World Economic Forum.",
  "authors": [
    "Era Dabla-Norris"
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Biography",
      "content": "Era Dabla-Norris is the Mission Chief to Vietnam and Division Chief in the IMF's Asia and Pacific Department. Prior to this she was a Division Chief in the IMF’s Fiscal Affairs Department where she led the work on tax compliance and productivity using administrative data. Since joining the IMF she has worked on a range of advanced, emerging market, and low-income countries and published widely on a variety of topics, including the economics and political economy of tax policy reforms, climate, growth, productivity, debt, trade, labor, inequality, and gender. Her research has also been profiled regularly in leading global newspapers and magazines such as The Economist, Financial Times, Bloomberg, BBC, and CNN. She is a contributing member of the Global Futures Council of the World Economic Forum."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Education",
      "content": "- PhD Economics, University of Texas at Austin\n\n- Masters in Economics, Delhi School of Economics"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Professional Activities",
      "content": "- Member Global Council, World Economic Forum"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Current Position",
      "content": "- Division Chief, Asia and Pacific Department"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Field of Expertise",
      "content": "- Public Finance\n\n- Open Economy Macroeconomics\n\n- Macro-Financial Issues\n\n- Development Economics\n\n- Economic Modeling\n\n- Poverty and Inequality"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Occasional Papers, Pamphlets, and Special Issues Papers",
      "content": "- \"The Future of Saving: The Role of Pension System Design in an Aging World” IMF Staff Discussion Note 19/01 (with D. Amaglobeli, H. Chai, K. Dybczak, M. Soto, and A. Tieman\n\n- “Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work” (with M. Brusseyvich, C. Kamunge, S. Khalid, P. Karnane, and K. Kochhar) IMF Staff Discussion Note 18/07, October 2018.\n\n- “Labor and Product Market Reforms in Advanced Economies: Fiscal Costs, Gains, and Support” (2017), IMF Staff Discussion Note, No. 17/03 (with A. Banerji, V. Crispolti, R. Duval, C. Ebeke, D. Furceri, T. Komatsuzaki, and T. Poghosyan )\n\n- “Causes and Consequences of Inequality: A Global Perspective” (with K. Kochhar, F. Ricka, V. Salins, P. Sharma, and N. Suphaphiphat) IMF Staff Discussion Note 15/13, June 2015.\n\n- “The New Normal: A Sector-Level Perspective on Growth and Productivity Trends in Advanced Economies” (with S. Guo, V. Haksar, M. Kim, K. Kochhar, and K. Wiseman), IMF Staff Discussion Note 15/3, March 2015.\n\n- “Anchoring Medium-Term Growth in Emerging Market and Low-Income Countries: The Importance of Productivity-Enhancing Reforms” (with K. Kochhar, G. Ho, A. Kyobe, and R. Tchaidze) IMF Staff Discussion Note 13/08, December 2013.\n\n- “Assessing Reserve Adequacy in Low-Income Countries” (with V. Crispolti, K. Shirono, J. Kim, and G. Tsibouris) IMF Occasional Paper, March 2013."
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Survey Articles",
      "content": "- Vietnam: Successfully Navigating the Pandemic\n\n- Vietnam's Success in Containing COVID-19 Offers Roadmap for Other Developing Countries"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Direct Blog Posts",
      "content": "- Together Again: Physical Distancing on the Decline\n\n- The Time is Nigh: How Reforms Can Bring Back Productivity Growth in Emerging Markets\n\n- Teleworking is not working for the poor, the young, and women\n\n- A new deal for informal workers in Asia\n\n- How Much Should You Save for Retirement\n\n- Women, technology, and the future of work\n\n- The Case for Fiscal Policy to Support Structural Reforms\n\n- How Lowering Trade Barriers Can Revive Global Productivity and Growth\n\n- What Advanced Economies Can Do to Rise Above the “New Mediocre”\n\n- A Big Step Forward for Bolstering Financial Inclusion\n\n- Why Education Policies Matter for Equality"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Books and Working Papers",
      "content": "- Tax Administration Reform in Greece: Outcomes and Lessons (2010–25), IMF Notes No 2026/003 , April 22, 2026\n\n- Global Economic and Financial Implications of Artificial Intelligence: Lessons from a Scenario Planning Exercise, IMF Notes No 2026/002 , April 3, 2026\n\n- Perceptions of Public Debt and Policy Expectations: Evidence from Cross Country Surveys, Working Paper No. 2025/197 , September 29, 2025\n\n- Fiscal Discourse and Fiscal Policy, Working Paper No. 2024/194 , September 16, 2024\n\n- Broadening the Gains from Generative AI: The Role of Fiscal Policies, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2024/002 , June 17, 2024\n\n- Can Fiscal Consolidation help Central Banks Fight Inflation?, Working Paper No. 2023/260 , December 15, 2023\n\n- Asia’s Perspectives on Climate Change: Policies, Perceptions, and Gaps, Departmental Paper No 2023/008 , November 29, 2023\n\n- Public Support for Climate Change Mitigation Policies: A Cross Country Survey, Working Paper No. 2023/223 , October 27, 2023\n\n- Public Perceptions of Climate Mitigation Policies: Evidence from Cross-Country Surveys, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2023/002 , February 9, 2023\n\n- Accelerating Innovation and Digitalization in Asia to Boost Productivity, Departmental Paper No 2023/001 , January 9, 2023\n\n- Unpacking Impact of COVID-19 on Vietnamese Firms: Evidence from a Novel Survey, Working Paper No. 2022/201 , September 30, 2022\n\n- Digitalization and Tax Compliance Spillovers: Evidence from a VAT e-Invoicing Reform in Peru, Working Paper No. 2022/057 , March 18, 2022\n\n- Are Low-Skill Women Being Left Behind? Labor Market Evidence from the UK, Working Paper No. 2022/042 , February 25, 2022\n\n- Digitalization and Taxation in Asia, Departmental Paper No 2021/017 , September 14, 2021\n\n- China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality, Working Paper No. 2021/138 , May 11, 2021\n\n- Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19, Working Paper No. 2021/130 , May 6, 2021\n\n- What Determines Social Distancing? Evidence from Advanced and Emerging Market Economies, Working Paper No. 2021/123 , May 1, 2021\n\n- Fiscal Policies to Address Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific, Departmental Paper No 2021/007 , March 24, 2021\n\n- Pandemics and Inequality: Perceptions and Preferences for Redistribution, Working Paper No. 2021/053 , February 26, 2021\n\n- Role of Individual Characteristics and Policies in Driving Labor Informality in Vietnam, Working Paper No. 2020/273 , December 11, 2020\n\n- Who will Bear the Brunt of Lockdown Policies? Evidence from Tele-workability Measures Across Countries, Working Paper No. 2020/088 , June 12, 2020\n\n- Political Costs of Tax-Based Consolidations, Working Paper No. 2019/298 , December 27, 2019\n\n- Productivity and Tax Evasion, Working Paper No. 2019/260 , November 27, 2019\n\n- Debt and Entanglements Between the Wars, , November 8, 2019\n\n- Digitalization to Improve Tax Compliance: Evidence from VAT e-Invoicing in Peru, Working Paper No. 2019/231 , November 1, 2019\n\n- Reducing and Redistributing Unpaid Work: Stronger Policies to Support Gender Equality, Working Paper No. 2019/225 , October 15, 2019\n\n- Job Polarization and the Declining Fortunes of the Young: Evidence from the United Kingdom, Working Paper No. 2019/216 , October 11, 2019\n\n- Is Technology Widening the Gender Gap? Automation and the Future of Female Employment, Working Paper No. 2019/091 , May 6, 2019\n\n- The Future of Saving: The Role of Pension System Design in an Aging World, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2019/001 , January 15, 2019\n\n- Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2018/007 , October 8, 2018\n\n- Macroeconomic Effects of Tax Rate and Base Changes: Evidence from Fiscal Consolidations, Working Paper No. 2018/220 , September 28, 2018\n\n- Size Dependent Policies, Informality and Misallocation, Working Paper No. 2018/179 , August 2, 2018\n\n- Tax Policy Measures in Advanced and Emerging Economies: A Novel Database, Working Paper No. 2018/110 , May 11, 2018\n\n- Fiscal Spillovers in the Euro Area: Letting the Data Speak, Working Paper No. 2017/241 , November 15, 2017\n\n- Tax Administration and Firm Performance: New Data and Evidence for Emerging Market and Developing Economies, Working Paper No. 2017/095 , April 14, 2017\n\n- Labor and Product Market Reforms in Advanced Economies: Fiscal Costs, Gains, and Support, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2017/003 , March 13, 2017\n\n- Reassessing the Productivity Gains from Trade Liberalization, Working Paper No. 2016/077 , March 23, 2016\n\n- Structural Reforms and Productivity Growth in Emerging Market and Developing Economies, Working Paper No. 2016/015 , February 9, 2016\n\n- Financial Inclusion: Zooming in on Latin America, Working Paper No. 2015/206 , September 28, 2015\n\n- Household Financial Access and Risk Sharing in Nigeria, Working Paper No. 2015/169 , July 22, 2015\n\n- Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality: A Global Perspective, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2015/013 , June 15, 2015\n\n- The New Normal: A Sector-level Perspective on Productivity Trends in Advanced Economies, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2015/003 , March 18, 2015\n\n- Identifying Constraints to Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality: A Structural Framework for Policy, Working Paper No. 2015/022 , January 27, 2015\n\n- Credit Booms and Macroeconomic Dynamics: Stylized Facts and Lessons for Low-Income Countries, Working Paper No. 2015/011 , January 22, 2015\n\n- National Income and Its Distribution, Working Paper No. 2014/101 , June 11, 2014\n\n- Anchoring Growth: The Importance of Productivity-Enhancing Reforms in Emerging Market and Developing Economies, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2013/008 , September 24, 2013\n\n- Benchmarking Structural Transformation Across the World, Working Paper No. 2013/176 , July 31, 2013\n\n- Too Cold, Too Hot, or Just Right? Assessing Financial Sector Development Across the Globe, Working Paper No. 2013/081 , March 28, 2013\n\n- Revisiting the Link Between Finance and Macroeconomic Volatility, Working Paper No. 2013/029 , January 30, 2013\n\n- Exogenous Shocks and Growth Crises in Low-Income Countries: A Vulnerability Index, Working Paper No. 2012/264 , November 2, 2012\n\n- Spillovers to Low-Income Countries: Importance of Systemic Emerging Markets, Working Paper No. 2012/049 , February 1, 2012\n\n- Optimal Precautionary Reserves for Low-Income Countries: A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Working Paper No. 2011/249 , October 1, 2011\n\n- Investing in Public Investment: An Index of Public Investment Efficiency, Working Paper No. 2011/037 , February 1, 2011\n\n- Business Cycle Fluctuations, Large Shocks, and Development Aid: New Evidence, Working Paper No. 2010/240 , October 1, 2010\n\n- Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Low-Income Countries, Working Paper No. 2010/080 , March 1, 2010\n\n- Firm Productivity, innovation and Financial Development, Working Paper No. 2010/049 , February 1, 2010\n\n- The Quality of Public Investment, Working Paper No. 2009/154 , July 1, 2009\n\n- A New Keynesian Model of the Armenian Economy, Working Paper No. 2009/066 , March 1, 2009\n\n- Informality and Bank Credit: Evidence from Firm-Level Data, Working Paper No. 2008/094 , April 1, 2008\n\n- Bank Efficiency and Market Structure: What Determines Banking Spreads in Armenia?, Working Paper No. 2007/134 , June 1, 2007\n\n- Informality and Regulations: What Drives Firm Growth?, Working Paper No. 2007/112 , May 1, 2007\n\n- Transmission Mechanisms of Monetary Policy in Armenia: Evidence from VAR Analysis, Working Paper No. 2006/248 , November 1, 2006\n\n- What Transparency Can Do When Incentives Fail: An Analysis of Rent Capture, Working Paper No. 2006/146 , June 1, 2006\n\n- What Causes Firms to Hide Output? the Determinants of Informality, Working Paper No. 2005/160 , August 1, 2005\n\n- Rent Seeking, Working Paper No. 2005/043 , March 1, 2005\n\n- Issues in Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in China, Working Paper No. 2005/030 , February 1, 2005\n\n- The Distributional Bias of Public Education: Causes and Consequences, Working Paper No. 2004/214 , November 1, 2004\n\n- An Analysis of the Underground Economy and its Macroeconomic Consequences, Working Paper No. 2003/023 , January 1, 2003\n\n- The Challenge of Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Countries, Working Paper No. 2002/103 , June 1, 2002\n\n- Composition of Government Expenditures and Demand for Education in Developing Countries, Working Paper No. 2002/078 , May 1, 2002\n\n- Regional Disparities and Transfer Policies in Russia: Theory and Evidence, Working Paper No. 2001/199 , December 1, 2001\n\n- Rent Seeking and Endogenous Income Inequality, Working Paper No. 2001/015 , February 1, 2001\n\n- A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Corruption in Bureaucracies, Working Paper No. 2000/106 , June 1, 2000\n\n- The Enforcement of Property Rights and Underdevelopment, Working Paper No. 1999/127 , September 1, 1999"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Country Reports",
      "content": "- Vietnam : 2020 Article IV Consultation"
    },
    {
      "heading": "F&D articles",
      "content": "- \"Preparing for an Unknown World,\" (with V. Gaspar and K. Kochhar), Finance & Development, June 2020, Vol. 57, Number 2.?\n\n- \"The Devil Is in the Details,\" (with A. Zdzienicka), Finance & Development, June 2020, Vol. 57, Number 2.?\n\n- \"Getting Older but Not Poorer,\" (with D. Amaglobeli and V. Gaspar), Finance & Development, March 2020, Vol. 57, No. 1.\n\n- \"Closing the Gender Gap,\" (with K. Kochhar), Finance & Development, March 2019, Vol. 56, No. 1. ?\n\n- \"The Debt Web,\" (with M. De Broeck, M. Marinkov, and N. End), Finance & Development, March 2018, Vol. 55, No. 1."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publications in Journals (Referred)",
      "content": "- “Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19” (with F. Lima, A. Sollaci, and H. Khan), Covid Economics, May 2021.\n\n- “Who Bears the Brunt of Lockdown Policies: Evidence from Teleworkability Measures Across Countries.” (with M. Brussevich, and S. Khalid), Revise and Resubmit, IMF Economic Review.\n\n- “Digitalization, Tax Compliance and Revenue Mobilization: VAT e-invoicing in Peru” (with M. Bellon, S. Khalid, F. Lima), Revise and Resubmit, Journal of Public Economics\n\n- “Distinguishing Constraints on Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality” (with R. Townsend, Y. Ji, and F. Unsal) Journal of Monetary Economics, Jan 2020.\n\n- “Job Polarization and Declining Fortunes of the Young: Evidence from the UK” (with C. Pizzinelli, and J. Rappaport), Revise and Resumbit, Labor Economics.\n\n- “Tax Administration and Firm Performance: New Data and Evidence for Emerging Market and Developing Economies” (with F. Misch, M. Khwaja, D. Cleary), International Tax and Public Finance, Fall 2019.\n\n- “Re-Assessing the Productivity Gains from Trade Liberalization” (with R. Duval, J. Ahn, L. Nijye, and B. Hu) Review of International Economics, February 2019.\n\n- “The Rise of the Middle Class and Economic Growth in ASEAN” (with M. Bruekner, M. Gradstein, D. Leiderman), Journal of Asian Economics, June 2018.\n\n- “Spillovers to Low-Income Countries: Importance of Systemic Emerging Markets” (with R. Espinoza and S. Jahan) Applied Economics, July 2015.\n\n- “India: In Search of the Drivers of the Next Wave of Growth” (with K. Kochhar) India Review, March 2015.\n\n- “Inequality and its Distribution,” (with M. Gradstein and M. Bruekner), Journal of Economic Growth, March 2015.\n\n- “Exogenous Shocks and Growth Crises: A Vulnerability Index” (with Y. Bal Gunduz) World Development, June 2014.\n\n- “Business Cycle Fluctuations, Large Shocks, and Development Aid: New Evidence” (with C. Minoiu, F. Zanna) World Development, June 2013.\n\n- “Firm Productivity, Innovation and Financial Development” (with E. Kersting and G. Verdier) Southern Economic Journal, October 2012.\n\n- “Investing in Public Investment: An Index of Public Investment Efficiency” Journal of Economic Growth, September 2012.\n\n- “The Quality of Public Investment” (with S. Chakraborty) The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, March 2011.\n\n- “Informality and Regulations: What Drives Firm Growth?” (with G. Inchauste) IMF Staff Papers, April 2008.\n\n- “What Causes Firms Hide Output? Determinants of Informality” (with M. Gradstein and G. Inchauste) Journal of Development Economics, February 2008.\n\n- “Rent Seeking” (with S. Chakraborty) IMF Staff Papers, April 2006.\n\n- “The Challenge of Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Countries” Comparative Economic Studies, March 2006.\n\n- “An Analysis of the Underground Economy and its Macroeconomic Consequences” (with A. Feltenstein) Journal of Policy Reform, August 2005.\n\n- “The Enforcement of Property Rights and Underdevelopment” (with S. Freeman) Journal of Development Economics, August 2004."
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publications in Books and Conference Volumes",
      "content": "- \"How can Advanced Economies Overcome the New Mediocre\" (with M. Kim and A. Zdzienicka), Intereconomics, October 2015.\n\n- “Financial Deepening in Frontier and Emerging Asia” (with Y. Ojima, and M. Arena) in A. Schipke (ed.) Frontier and Developing Asia: The Next Generation of Emerging Markets, (IMF, 2015).\n\n- “Debt Relief, Demand for Education, and Poverty” (with J. Matovu and P. Wade) in T. Addison, H. Hansen, and F. Tarp (eds), Debt Relief for Poor Countries, (Palgrave McMillan, 2004)\n\n- “Regional Disparities and Transfer Policies in Russia: Theory and Evidence” (with S. Weber) in M. Cuddy and R. Gekker (ed.), Institutional Change in Transition Economies, (Ashgate, 2002),"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Other Published Materials",
      "content": "- \"These workers' jobs are most at risk around the world,\" (with M. Brussevich and S. Khalid) CNN Perspectives, July 2020.\n\n- \"Advancing the evaluation of tax reforms: a new IMF database,\" (with R. de Mooij) VoXEU blog, August 2018.\n\n- Tax Administration Matters for Firm Productivity (with F. Misch and Munawar Khwaja), VoxDev blog, November 2017.\n\n- \"Roads to nowhere or bridges to growth: What do we know about public investment efficiency in developing countries?\" (with J. Brumby, A. Kyobe, Zac Mills, C. Papageorgiou), VoxEU blog, July 2011.\n\n- “Who Bears the Brunt of Lockdown Policies: Evidence from Teleworkability Measures Across Countries.” (with M. Brussevich, and S. Khalid), IMF Working Paper, July 2020."
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "PhD Economics, University of Texas at Austin",
    "Masters in Economics, Delhi School of Economics",
    "Member Global Council, World Economic Forum",
    "Division Chief, Asia and Pacific Department",
    "Public Finance",
    "Open Economy Macroeconomics",
    "Macro-Financial Issues",
    "Development Economics",
    "Economic Modeling",
    "Poverty and Inequality",
    "[\"The Future of Saving: The Role of Pension System Design in an Aging World” IMF Staff Discussion Note 19/01 (with D. Amaglobeli, H. Chai, K. Dybczak, M. Soto, and A. Tieman](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2019/01/09/The-Future-of-Saving-The-Role-of-Pension-System-Design-in-an-Aging-World-45138)",
    "[“Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work” (with M. Brusseyvich, C. Kamunge, S. Khalid, P. Karnane, and K. Kochhar) IMF Staff Discussion Note 18/07, October 2018.](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2018/10/09/Gender-Technology-and-the-Future-of-Work-46236)",
    "[“Labor and Product Market Reforms in Advanced Economies: Fiscal Costs, Gains, and Support” (2017), IMF Staff Discussion Note, No. 17/03 (with A. Banerji, V. Crispolti, R. Duval, C. Ebeke, D. Furceri, T. Komatsuzaki, and T. Poghosyan )](http://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2017/03/10/Labor-and-Product-Market-Reforms-in-Advanced-Economies-Fiscal-Costs-Gains-and-Support-44718)",
    "[“Causes and Consequences of Inequality: A Global Perspective” (with K. Kochhar, F. Ricka, V. Salins, P. Sharma, and N. Suphaphiphat) IMF Staff Discussion Note 15/13, June 2015.](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/sdn/2015/sdn1513.pdf)",
    "[“The New Normal: A Sector-Level Perspective on Growth and Productivity Trends in Advanced Economies” (with S. Guo, V. Haksar, M. Kim, K. Kochhar, and K. Wiseman), IMF Staff Discussion Note 15/3, March 2015.](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2016/12/31/The-New-Normal-A-Sector-level-Perspective-on-Productivity-Trends-in-Advanced-Economies-42730)",
    "[“Anchoring Medium-Term Growth in Emerging Market and Low-Income Countries: The Importance of Productivity-Enhancing Reforms” (with K. Kochhar, G. Ho, A. Kyobe, and R. Tchaidze) IMF Staff Discussion Note 13/08, December 2013.](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/sdn/2013/sdn1308.pdf)",
    "“Assessing Reserve Adequacy in Low-Income Countries” (with V. Crispolti, K. Shirono, J. Kim, and G. Tsibouris) IMF Occasional Paper, March 2013.",
    "[Vietnam: Successfully Navigating the Pandemic](https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2021/03/09/na031021-vietnam-successfully-navigating-the-pandemic)",
    "[Vietnam's Success in Containing COVID-19 Offers Roadmap for Other Developing Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2020/06/29/na062920-vietnams-success-in-containing-covid19-offers-roadmap-for-other-developing-countries)",
    "[Together Again: Physical Distancing on the Decline](https://blogs.imf.org/2020/11/12/together-again-physical-distancing-on-the-decline/)",
    "[The Time is Nigh: How Reforms Can Bring Back Productivity Growth in Emerging Markets](https://blog-imfdirect.imf.org/2013/12/18/the-time-is-nigh-how-reforms-can-bring-back-productivity-growth-in-emerging-markets/)",
    "[Teleworking is not working for the poor, the young, and women](https://blogs.imf.org/2020/07/07/teleworking-is-not-working-for-the-poor-the-young-and-the-women/)",
    "[A new deal for informal workers in Asia](https://blogs.imf.org/2020/04/30/a-new-deal-for-informal-workers-in-asia/)",
    "[How Much Should You Save for Retirement](https://blogs.imf.org/2019/01/15/how-much-should-you-save-for-retirement/)",
    "[Women, technology, and the future of work](https://blogs.imf.org/2018/11/16/women-technology-and-the-future-of-work/)",
    "[The Case for Fiscal Policy to Support Structural Reforms](https://blogs.imf.org/2017/03/13/the-case-for-fiscal-policy-to-support-structural-reforms/)",
    "[How Lowering Trade Barriers Can Revive Global Productivity and Growth](https://blog-imfdirect.imf.org/2016/06/20/how-lowering-trade-barriers-can-revive-global-productivity-and-growth/)",
    "[What Advanced Economies Can Do to Rise Above the “New Mediocre”](https://blog-imfdirect.imf.org/2015/03/30/what-advanced-economies-can-do-to-rise-above-the-new-mediocre/)",
    "[A Big Step Forward for Bolstering Financial Inclusion](https://blog-imfdirect.imf.org/2015/01/28/a-big-step-forward-for-bolstering-financial-inclusion/)",
    "[Why Education Policies Matter for Equality](https://blog-imfdirect.imf.org/2014/09/08/why-education-policies-matter-for-equality/)",
    "[Tax Administration Reform in Greece: Outcomes and Lessons (2010–25)](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-notes/issues/2026/04/20/tax-administration-reform-in-greece-outcomes-and-lessons-201025-575431), IMF Notes No 2026/003 , April 22, 2026",
    "[Global Economic and Financial Implications of Artificial Intelligence: Lessons from a Scenario Planning Exercise](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/imf-notes/issues/2026/04/03/global-economic-and-financial-implications-of-artificial-intelligence-lessons-from-a-574924), IMF Notes No 2026/002 , April 3, 2026",
    "[Perceptions of Public Debt and Policy Expectations: Evidence from Cross Country Surveys](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/09/29/perceptions-of-public-debt-and-policy-expectations-evidence-from-cross-country-surveys-570725), Working Paper No. 2025/197 , September 29, 2025",
    "[Fiscal Discourse and Fiscal Policy](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2024/09/12/fiscal-discourse-and-fiscal-policy-554774), Working Paper No. 2024/194 , September 16, 2024",
    "[Broadening the Gains from Generative AI: The Role of Fiscal Policies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2024/06/11/broadening-the-gains-from-generative-ai-the-role-of-fiscal-policies-549639), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2024/002 , June 17, 2024",
    "[Can Fiscal Consolidation help Central Banks Fight Inflation?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/12/15/can-fiscal-consolidation-help-central-banks-fight-inflation-542403), Working Paper No. 2023/260 , December 15, 2023",
    "[Asia’s Perspectives on Climate Change: Policies, Perceptions, and Gaps](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/departmental-papers-policy-papers/issues/2023/11/28/asias-perspectives-on-climate-change-policies-perceptions-and-gaps-540708), Departmental Paper No 2023/008 , November 29, 2023",
    "[Public Support for Climate Change Mitigation Policies: A Cross Country Survey](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/10/27/public-support-for-climate-change-mitigation-policies-a-cross-country-survey-540823), Working Paper No. 2023/223 , October 27, 2023",
    "[Public Perceptions of Climate Mitigation Policies: Evidence from Cross-Country Surveys](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2023/02/07/public-perceptions-of-climate-mitigation-policies-evidence-from-cross-country-surveys-528057), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2023/002 , February 9, 2023",
    "[Accelerating Innovation and Digitalization in Asia to Boost Productivity](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/departmental-papers-policy-papers/issues/2023/01/08/accelerating-innovation-and-digitalization-in-asia-to-boost-productivity-523807), Departmental Paper No 2023/001 , January 9, 2023",
    "[Unpacking Impact of COVID-19 on Vietnamese Firms: Evidence from a Novel Survey](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/09/30/unpacking-impact-of-covid-19-on-vietnamese-firms-evidence-from-a-novel-survey-524067), Working Paper No. 2022/201 , September 30, 2022",
    "[Digitalization and Tax Compliance Spillovers: Evidence from a VAT e-Invoicing Reform in Peru](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/03/18/digitalization-and-tax-compliance-spillovers-evidence-from-a-vat-e-invoicing-reform-in-peru-515162), Working Paper No. 2022/057 , March 18, 2022",
    "[Are Low-Skill Women Being Left Behind? Labor Market Evidence from the UK](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2022/02/25/are-low-skill-women-being-left-behind-labor-market-evidence-from-the-uk-513584), Working Paper No. 2022/042 , February 25, 2022",
    "[Digitalization and Taxation in Asia](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/departmental-papers-policy-papers/issues/2021/09/13/digitalization-and-taxation-in-asia-460120), Departmental Paper No 2021/017 , September 14, 2021",
    "[China's Rebalancing and Gender Inequality](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/05/11/china-s-rebalancing-and-gender-inequality-50250), Working Paper No. 2021/138 , May 11, 2021",
    "[Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/05/06/who-doesnt-want-to-be-vaccinated-determinants-of-vaccine-hesitancy-during-covid-19-50244), Working Paper No. 2021/130 , May 6, 2021",
    "[What Determines Social Distancing? Evidence from Advanced and Emerging Market Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/05/01/what-determines-social-distancing-evidence-from-advanced-and-emerging-market-economies-50281), Working Paper No. 2021/123 , May 1, 2021",
    "[Fiscal Policies to Address Climate Change in Asia and the Pacific](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/departmental-papers-policy-papers/issues/2021/03/24/fiscal-policies-to-address-climate-change-in-asia-and-the-pacific-opportunities-and-49896), Departmental Paper No 2021/007 , March 24, 2021",
    "[Pandemics and Inequality: Perceptions and Preferences for Redistribution](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2021/02/26/pandemics-and-inequality-perceptions-and-preferences-for-redistribution-50114), Working Paper No. 2021/053 , February 26, 2021",
    "[Role of Individual Characteristics and Policies in Driving Labor Informality in Vietnam](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2020/12/11/role-of-individual-characteristics-and-policies-in-driving-labor-informality-in-vietnam-49933), Working Paper No. 2020/273 , December 11, 2020",
    "[Who will Bear the Brunt of Lockdown Policies? Evidence from Tele-workability Measures Across Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2020/06/12/who-will-bear-the-brunt-of-lockdown-policies-evidence-from-tele-workability-measures-across-49479), Working Paper No. 2020/088 , June 12, 2020",
    "[Political Costs of Tax-Based Consolidations](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/12/27/political-costs-of-tax-based-consolidations-48841), Working Paper No. 2019/298 , December 27, 2019",
    "[Productivity and Tax Evasion](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/11/27/productivity-and-tax-evasion-48737), Working Paper No. 2019/260 , November 27, 2019",
    "[Debt and Entanglements Between the Wars](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/books/issues/2019/11/08/debt-and-entanglements-between-the-wars-48602), , November 8, 2019",
    "[Digitalization to Improve Tax Compliance: Evidence from VAT e-Invoicing in Peru](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/11/01/digitalization-to-improve-tax-compliance-evidence-from-vat-e-invoicing-in-peru-48672), Working Paper No. 2019/231 , November 1, 2019",
    "[Reducing and Redistributing Unpaid Work: Stronger Policies to Support Gender Equality](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/10/15/reducing-and-redistributing-unpaid-work-stronger-policies-to-support-gender-equality-48688), Working Paper No. 2019/225 , October 15, 2019",
    "[Job Polarization and the Declining Fortunes of the Young: Evidence from the United Kingdom](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/10/11/job-polarization-and-the-declining-fortunes-of-the-young-evidence-from-the-united-kingdom-48644), Working Paper No. 2019/216 , October 11, 2019",
    "[Is Technology Widening the Gender Gap? Automation and the Future of Female Employment](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2019/05/06/is-technology-widening-the-gender-gap-automation-and-the-future-of-female-employment-46684), Working Paper No. 2019/091 , May 6, 2019",
    "[The Future of Saving: The Role of Pension System Design in an Aging World](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2019/01/09/the-future-of-saving-the-role-of-pension-system-design-in-an-aging-world-45138), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2019/001 , January 15, 2019",
    "[Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2018/10/09/gender-technology-and-the-future-of-work-46236), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2018/007 , October 8, 2018",
    "[Macroeconomic Effects of Tax Rate and Base Changes: Evidence from Fiscal Consolidations](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/09/28/macroeconomic-effects-of-tax-rate-and-base-changes-evidence-from-fiscal-consolidations-46250), Working Paper No. 2018/220 , September 28, 2018",
    "[Size Dependent Policies, Informality and Misallocation](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/08/02/size-dependent-policies-informality-and-misallocation-46125), Working Paper No. 2018/179 , August 2, 2018",
    "[Tax Policy Measures in Advanced and Emerging Economies: A Novel Database](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2018/05/11/tax-policy-measures-in-advanced-and-emerging-economies-a-novel-database-45870), Working Paper No. 2018/110 , May 11, 2018",
    "[Fiscal Spillovers in the Euro Area: Letting the Data Speak](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2017/11/15/fiscal-spillovers-in-the-euro-area-letting-the-data-speak-45405), Working Paper No. 2017/241 , November 15, 2017",
    "[Tax Administration and Firm Performance: New Data and Evidence for Emerging Market and Developing Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2017/04/14/tax-administration-and-firm-performance-new-data-and-evidence-for-emerging-market-and-44838), Working Paper No. 2017/095 , April 14, 2017",
    "[Labor and Product Market Reforms in Advanced Economies: Fiscal Costs, Gains, and Support](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2017/03/10/labor-and-product-market-reforms-in-advanced-economies-fiscal-costs-gains-and-support-44718), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2017/003 , March 13, 2017",
    "[Reassessing the Productivity Gains from Trade Liberalization](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/reassessing-the-productivity-gains-from-trade-liberalization-43828), Working Paper No. 2016/077 , March 23, 2016",
    "[Structural Reforms and Productivity Growth in Emerging Market and Developing Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/structural-reforms-and-productivity-growth-in-emerging-market-and-developing-economies-43686), Working Paper No. 2016/015 , February 9, 2016",
    "[Financial Inclusion: Zooming in on Latin America](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/financial-inclusion-zooming-in-on-latin-america-43312), Working Paper No. 2015/206 , September 28, 2015",
    "[Household Financial Access and Risk Sharing in Nigeria](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/household-financial-access-and-risk-sharing-in-nigeria-43116), Working Paper No. 2015/169 , July 22, 2015",
    "[Causes and Consequences of Income Inequality: A Global Perspective](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2016/12/31/causes-and-consequences-of-income-inequality-a-global-perspective-42986), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2015/013 , June 15, 2015",
    "[The New Normal: A Sector-level Perspective on Productivity Trends in Advanced Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2016/12/31/the-new-normal-a-sector-level-perspective-on-productivity-trends-in-advanced-economies-42730), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2015/003 , March 18, 2015",
    "[Identifying Constraints to Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality: A Structural Framework for Policy](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/identifying-constraints-to-financial-inclusion-and-their-impact-on-gdp-and-inequality-a-42649), Working Paper No. 2015/022 , January 27, 2015",
    "[Credit Booms and Macroeconomic Dynamics: Stylized Facts and Lessons for Low-Income Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/credit-booms-and-macroeconomic-dynamics-stylized-facts-and-lessons-for-low-income-countries-42615), Working Paper No. 2015/011 , January 22, 2015",
    "[National Income and Its Distribution](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/national-income-and-its-distribution-41641), Working Paper No. 2014/101 , June 11, 2014",
    "[Anchoring Growth: The Importance of Productivity-Enhancing Reforms in Emerging Market and Developing Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2016/12/31/anchoring-growth-the-importance-of-productivity-enhancing-reforms-in-emerging-market-and-41072), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2013/008 , September 24, 2013",
    "[Benchmarking Structural Transformation Across the World](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/benchmarking-structural-transformation-across-the-world-40847), Working Paper No. 2013/176 , July 31, 2013",
    "[Too Cold, Too Hot, or Just Right? Assessing Financial Sector Development Across the Globe](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/too-cold-too-hot-or-just-right-assessing-financial-sector-development-across-the-globe-40441), Working Paper No. 2013/081 , March 28, 2013",
    "[Revisiting the Link Between Finance and Macroeconomic Volatility](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/revisiting-the-link-between-finance-and-macroeconomic-volatility-40284), Working Paper No. 2013/029 , January 30, 2013",
    "[Exogenous Shocks and Growth Crises in Low-Income Countries: A Vulnerability Index](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/exogenous-shocks-and-growth-crises-in-low-income-countries-a-vulnerability-index-40079), Working Paper No. 2012/264 , November 2, 2012",
    "[Spillovers to Low-Income Countries: Importance of Systemic Emerging Markets](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/spillovers-to-low-income-countries-importance-of-systemic-emerging-markets-25729), Working Paper No. 2012/049 , February 1, 2012",
    "[Optimal Precautionary Reserves for Low-Income Countries: A Cost-Benefit Analysis](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/optimal-precautionary-reserves-for-low-income-countries-a-cost-benefit-analysis-25316), Working Paper No. 2011/249 , October 1, 2011",
    "[Investing in Public Investment: An Index of Public Investment Efficiency](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/investing-in-public-investment-an-index-of-public-investment-efficiency-24651), Working Paper No. 2011/037 , February 1, 2011",
    "[Business Cycle Fluctuations, Large Shocks, and Development Aid: New Evidence](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/business-cycle-fluctuations-large-shocks-and-development-aid-new-evidence-24303), Working Paper No. 2010/240 , October 1, 2010",
    "[Budget Institutions and Fiscal Performance in Low-Income Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/budget-institutions-and-fiscal-performance-in-low-income-countries-23734), Working Paper No. 2010/080 , March 1, 2010",
    "[Firm Productivity, innovation and Financial Development](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/firm-productivity-innovation-and-financial-development-23626), Working Paper No. 2010/049 , February 1, 2010",
    "[The Quality of Public Investment](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/the-quality-of-public-investment-23110), Working Paper No. 2009/154 , July 1, 2009",
    "[A New Keynesian Model of the Armenian Economy](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/a-new-keynesian-model-of-the-armenian-economy-22809), Working Paper No. 2009/066 , March 1, 2009",
    "[Informality and Bank Credit: Evidence from Firm-Level Data](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/informality-and-bank-credit-evidence-from-firm-level-data-21885), Working Paper No. 2008/094 , April 1, 2008",
    "[Bank Efficiency and Market Structure: What Determines Banking Spreads in Armenia?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/bank-efficiency-and-market-structure-what-determines-banking-spreads-in-armenia-20981), Working Paper No. 2007/134 , June 1, 2007",
    "[Informality and Regulations: What Drives Firm Growth?](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/informality-and-regulations-what-drives-firm-growth-20666), Working Paper No. 2007/112 , May 1, 2007",
    "[Transmission Mechanisms of Monetary Policy in Armenia: Evidence from VAR Analysis](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/transmission-mechanisms-of-monetary-policy-in-armenia-evidence-from-var-analysis-19925), Working Paper No. 2006/248 , November 1, 2006",
    "[What Transparency Can Do When Incentives Fail: An Analysis of Rent Capture](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/what-transparency-can-do-when-incentives-fail-an-analysis-of-rent-capture-19218), Working Paper No. 2006/146 , June 1, 2006",
    "[What Causes Firms to Hide Output? the Determinants of Informality](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/what-causes-firms-to-hide-output-the-determinants-of-informality-18414), Working Paper No. 2005/160 , August 1, 2005",
    "[Rent Seeking](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/rent-seeking-18015), Working Paper No. 2005/043 , March 1, 2005",
    "[Issues in Intergovernmental Fiscal Relations in China](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/issues-in-intergovernmental-fiscal-relations-in-china-17893), Working Paper No. 2005/030 , February 1, 2005",
    "[The Distributional Bias of Public Education: Causes and Consequences](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/31/the-distributional-bias-of-public-education-causes-and-consequences-17810), Working Paper No. 2004/214 , November 1, 2004",
    "[An Analysis of the Underground Economy and its Macroeconomic Consequences](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/an-analysis-of-the-underground-economy-and-its-macroeconomic-consequences-16274), Working Paper No. 2003/023 , January 1, 2003",
    "[The Challenge of Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/the-challenge-of-fiscal-decentralization-in-transition-countries-15843), Working Paper No. 2002/103 , June 1, 2002",
    "[Composition of Government Expenditures and Demand for Education in Developing Countries](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/composition-of-government-expenditures-and-demand-for-education-in-developing-countries-15733), Working Paper No. 2002/078 , May 1, 2002",
    "[Regional Disparities and Transfer Policies in Russia: Theory and Evidence](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/regional-disparities-and-transfer-policies-in-russia-theory-and-evidence-15514), Working Paper No. 2001/199 , December 1, 2001",
    "[Rent Seeking and Endogenous Income Inequality](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/rent-seeking-and-endogenous-income-inequality-3981), Working Paper No. 2001/015 , February 1, 2001",
    "[A Game-Theoretic Analysis of Corruption in Bureaucracies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/a-game-theoretic-analysis-of-corruption-in-bureaucracies-3634), Working Paper No. 2000/106 , June 1, 2000",
    "[The Enforcement of Property Rights and Underdevelopment](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2016/12/30/the-enforcement-of-property-rights-and-underdevelopment-3277), Working Paper No. 1999/127 , September 1, 1999",
    "[Vietnam : 2020 Article IV Consultation](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2021/02/24/Vietnam-2020-Article-IV-Consultation-Press-Release-Staff-Report-and-Statement-by-the-50121)",
    "[\"Preparing for an Unknown World,\" (with V. Gaspar and K. Kochhar), Finance & Development, June 2020, Vol. 57, Number 2.?](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/06/the-international-order-post-covid19-dabla.htm)",
    "[\"The Devil Is in the Details,\" (with A. Zdzienicka), Finance & Development, June 2020, Vol. 57, Number 2.?](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/06/designing-tax-based-fiscal-consolidation-dabla.htm)",
    "[\"Getting Older but Not Poorer,\" (with D. Amaglobeli and V. Gaspar), Finance & Development, March 2020, Vol. 57, No. 1.](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2020/03/impact-of-aging-on-pensions-and-public-policy-gaspar.htm)",
    "[\"Closing the Gender Gap,\" (with K. Kochhar), Finance & Development, March 2019, Vol. 56, No. 1. ?](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2019/03/closing-the-gender-gap-dabla.htm)",
    "[\"The Debt Web,\" (with M. De Broeck, M. Marinkov, and N. End), Finance & Development, March 2018, Vol. 55, No. 1.](https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/fandd/2018/03/debroeck.htm)",
    "“Who Doesn’t Want to be Vaccinated? Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy During COVID-19” (with F. Lima, A. Sollaci, and H. Khan), Covid Economics, May 2021.",
    "“Who Bears the Brunt of Lockdown Policies: Evidence from Teleworkability Measures Across Countries.” (with M. Brussevich, and S. Khalid), Revise and Resubmit, IMF Economic Review.",
    "“Digitalization, Tax Compliance and Revenue Mobilization: VAT e-invoicing in Peru” (with M. Bellon, S. Khalid, F. Lima), Revise and Resubmit, Journal of Public Economics",
    "“Distinguishing Constraints on Financial Inclusion and Their Impact on GDP and Inequality” (with R. Townsend, Y. Ji, and F. Unsal) Journal of Monetary Economics, Jan 2020.",
    "“Job Polarization and Declining Fortunes of the Young: Evidence from the UK” (with C. Pizzinelli, and J. Rappaport), Revise and Resumbit, Labor Economics.",
    "“Tax Administration and Firm Performance: New Data and Evidence for Emerging Market and Developing Economies” (with F. Misch, M. Khwaja, D. Cleary), International Tax and Public Finance, Fall 2019.",
    "“Re-Assessing the Productivity Gains from Trade Liberalization” (with R. Duval, J. Ahn, L. Nijye, and B. Hu) Review of International Economics, February 2019.",
    "“The Rise of the Middle Class and Economic Growth in ASEAN” (with M. Bruekner, M. Gradstein, D. Leiderman), Journal of Asian Economics, June 2018.",
    "“Spillovers to Low-Income Countries: Importance of Systemic Emerging Markets” (with R. Espinoza and S. Jahan) Applied Economics, July 2015.",
    "“India: In Search of the Drivers of the Next Wave of Growth” (with K. Kochhar) India Review, March 2015.",
    "“Inequality and its Distribution,” (with M. Gradstein and M. Bruekner), Journal of Economic Growth, March 2015.",
    "“Exogenous Shocks and Growth Crises: A Vulnerability Index” (with Y. Bal Gunduz) World Development, June 2014.",
    "“Business Cycle Fluctuations, Large Shocks, and Development Aid: New Evidence” (with C. Minoiu, F. Zanna) World Development, June 2013.",
    "“Firm Productivity, Innovation and Financial Development” (with E. Kersting and G. Verdier) Southern Economic Journal, October 2012.",
    "“Investing in Public Investment: An Index of Public Investment Efficiency” Journal of Economic Growth, September 2012.",
    "“The Quality of Public Investment” (with S. Chakraborty) The B.E. Journal of Macroeconomics, March 2011.",
    "“Informality and Regulations: What Drives Firm Growth?” (with G. Inchauste) IMF Staff Papers, April 2008.",
    "“What Causes Firms Hide Output? Determinants of Informality” (with M. Gradstein and G. Inchauste) Journal of Development Economics, February 2008.",
    "“Rent Seeking” (with S. Chakraborty) IMF Staff Papers, April 2006.",
    "“The Challenge of Fiscal Decentralization in Transition Countries” Comparative Economic Studies, March 2006.",
    "“An Analysis of the Underground Economy and its Macroeconomic Consequences” (with A. Feltenstein) Journal of Policy Reform, August 2005.",
    "“The Enforcement of Property Rights and Underdevelopment” (with S. Freeman) Journal of Development Economics, August 2004.",
    "\"How can Advanced Economies Overcome the New Mediocre\" (with M. Kim and A. Zdzienicka), Intereconomics, October 2015.",
    "“Financial Deepening in Frontier and Emerging Asia” (with Y. Ojima, and M. Arena) in A. Schipke (ed.) Frontier and Developing Asia: The Next Generation of Emerging Markets, (IMF, 2015).",
    "“Debt Relief, Demand for Education, and Poverty” (with J. Matovu and P. Wade) in T. Addison, H. Hansen, and F. Tarp (eds), Debt Relief for Poor Countries, (Palgrave McMillan, 2004)",
    "“Regional Disparities and Transfer Policies in Russia: Theory and Evidence” (with S. Weber) in M. Cuddy and R. Gekker (ed.), Institutional Change in Transition Economies, (Ashgate, 2002),",
    "[\"These workers' jobs are most at risk around the world,\" (with M. Brussevich and S. Khalid) CNN Perspectives, July 2020.](https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/12/perspectives/coronavirus-young-low-income-workers-imf/index.html)",
    "[\"Advancing the evaluation of tax reforms: a new IMF database,\" (with R. de Mooij) VoXEU blog, August 2018.](https://voxeu.org/article/advancing-evaluation-tax-reforms-new-imf-database)",
    "[Tax Administration Matters for Firm Productivity (with F. Misch and Munawar Khwaja), VoxDev blog, November 2017.](https://voxdev.org/topic/methods-measurement/tax-administration-matters-firm-productivity)",
    "\"Roads to nowhere or bridges to growth: What do we know about public investment efficiency in developing countries?\" (with J. Brumby, A. Kyobe, Zac Mills, C. Papageorgiou), VoxEU blog, July 2011.",
    "“Who Bears the Brunt of Lockdown Policies: Evidence from Teleworkability Measures Across Countries.” (with M. Brussevich, and S. Khalid), IMF Working Paper, July 2020.",
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