{
  "title": "Augustus Panton",
  "sourceUrl": "https://www.imf.org/en/research/researcher-cv/author/panton-augustus",
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  "summary": "Augustus J. Panton is an Economist in the IMF’s European Department, working in the Regional Economic Outlook Division and on the Hungary country team. He previously worked in the IMF’s Research Department, covering multilateral surveillance of the G-20 economies and contributing to the World Economic Outlook and other flagship research on structural reforms, monetary policy, and the macroeconomics of climate change. Prior to joining the IMF, he lectured in economics at the Australian National University and was an Adam Smith Fellow at George Mason University. Before then, he consulted for several institutions in the private sector. He also served as an Economist in the Research Department at the Central Bank of Liberia, Senior Economist at the Liberian Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and Head of Customs Risk Management and Trade Facilitation at the Liberian Ministry of Finance and Development Planning. His research covers a broad range of policy issues, including artificial intelligence and its labor market implications, the design and sequencing of structural reforms, energy security, monetary policy, and the interplay between climate and monetary policies. He holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the Australian National University. Email: APanton@imf.org",
  "authors": [
    "Augustus Panton"
  ],
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "Biography",
      "content": "Augustus J. Panton is an Economist in the IMF’s European Department, working in the Regional Economic Outlook Division and on the Hungary country team. He previously worked in the IMF’s Research Department, covering multilateral surveillance of the G-20 economies and contributing to the World Economic Outlook and other flagship research on structural reforms, monetary policy, and the macroeconomics of climate change. Prior to joining the IMF, he lectured in economics at the Australian National University and was an Adam Smith Fellow at George Mason University. Before then, he consulted for several institutions in the private sector. He also served as an Economist in the Research Department at the Central Bank of Liberia, Senior Economist at the Liberian Ministry of Commerce and Industry, and Head of Customs Risk Management and Trade Facilitation at the Liberian Ministry of Finance and Development Planning. His research covers a broad range of policy issues, including artificial intelligence and its labor market implications, the design and sequencing of structural reforms, energy security, monetary policy, and the interplay between climate and monetary policies. He holds a Ph.D. in Economics from the Australian National University. Email: APanton@imf.org"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Education",
      "content": "- Ph.D. in Economics, Australian National University\n\n- Master of International Economics and Finance, University of Queensland\n\n- Master in Finance (1st Class-Distinction), Osmania University\n\n- Bachelor in Accounting and Economics (Summa Cum Laude & University Valedictorian), University of Liberia"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Previous Experience",
      "content": "- IMF: Economist, Structural and Climate Policies Division, Research Department. 2022-23\n\n- IMF: Economist, Multilateral Surveillance Division, Research Department. 2021-22\n\n- Associate Lecturer of Economics: Australian National University\n\n- Graduate Teaching and Research Analyst: Australian National University\n\n- Research Consultant, Brookings Institution, USA\n\n- Economist: Research, Policy, and Planning Department--Central Bank of Liberia\n\n- Senior Economist: Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Republic of Liberia\n\n- Head of Customs Risk Management and Trade Facilitation Unit: Ministry of Finance, Republic of Liberia\n\n- FX Reserves and Investment Officer: Banking Department, Central Bank of Liberia"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Awards and Honors",
      "content": "- Commendation for Outstanding Teaching Award (2020) | College of Bus. & Econ., Australian National University\n\n- Vice-Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Education (2019) | Australian National University\n\n- Excellence in Tutoring Awards (2018) | College of Business and Economics, Australian National University\n\n- Dean’s Commendation for Academic Excellence (2016)| Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, University of Queensland, Australia\n\n- Adam Smith Fellowship (2019-20) | Mercatus Center, George Mason University"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Current Position",
      "content": "- Economist, IMF European Department"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Country work or Mission Assignment",
      "content": "- Hungary: Monetary, financial sector, structural and climate policies, 2024--present\n\n- Regional Surveillance: IMF's Regional Studies on Europe, 2024--present\n\n- Romania, 2023\n\n- Multilateral Surveillance: G-20 economies, 2021-22"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Teaching",
      "content": "- Associate Lecturer in Economics, Australian National University, 2018-2020. [Taught courses in microeconomics (undergrad), macroeconomics and financial economics (postgrad), winning a 'Commendation for Outstanding Teaching Award (2020) and the ANU Vice Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Education Award (2019)]\n\n- Adam Smith Fellow, George Mason University, 2019-2020"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Others",
      "content": "- Research Associate, ANU Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis (CAMA), Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, 2021-Present"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Field of Expertise",
      "content": "- Monetary Policy\n\n- Open Economy Macroeconomics\n\n- International Finance\n\n- Energy and Environmental Economics"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Occasional Papers, Pamphlets, and Special Issues Papers",
      "content": "- Energy Security and the Green Transition, Working Paper No. 2024/006\n\n- Making Romania Fit and Resilient for the Net-Zero Transition, IMF Selected Issues Paper No. SIP/2023/063"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Books and Working Papers",
      "content": "- Europe’s National-Level Structural Reform Priorities, Working Paper No. 2025/104 , May 29, 2025\n\n- Key Challenges Faced by Fossil Fuel Exporters during the Energy Transition, Staff Climate Note No 2024/001 , March 27, 2024\n\n- Gen-AI: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2024/001 , January 14, 2024\n\n- Energy Security and The Green Transition, Working Paper No. 2024/006 , January 12, 2024\n\n- Labor Market Exposure to AI: Cross-country Differences and Distributional Implications, Working Paper No. 2023/216 , October 4, 2023\n\n- Structural Reforms to Accelerate Growth, Ease Policy Trade-offs, and Support the Green Transition in Emerging Market and Developing Economies, Staff Discussion Notes No. 2023/007 , September 22, 2023"
    },
    {
      "heading": "IMF Country Reports",
      "content": "- Hungary. Staff Report for the 2024 Article IV Consultation, IMF Country Report No. 24/268, August 2024\n\n- Romania: 2023 Article IV Consultation Staff Report No. 23/395. Contributor\n\n- G-20 Background Note on The Macroeconomic Impact of Food and Energy Insecurity, March 2023\n\n- G-20 Surveillance Note, February 2022\n\n- Strong, Sustainable, Balanced, and Inclusive Growth in the G-20, October 26, 2021"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Other Published Materials",
      "content": "- Labor Market Exposure to AI: Cross-country Differences and Distributional Implications, October 2023\n\n- Structural Reforms to Accelerate Growth, Ease Policy Trade-offs, and Support the Green Transition in Emerging Market and Developing Economies, September 2023\n\n- The Natural Rate of Interest and the Green Transition (in IMF April 2023 WEO Chapter 2)\n\n- Near-Term Macroeconomic Impact of Decarbonization Policies, IMF October 2022 WEO Chapter 3\n\n- Reaching Net Zero Emissions: G-20 Background Note, June 22, 2021"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publications in Journals (Refereed)",
      "content": "- A Gender Lens on Labor Market Exposure to AI, with Carlo Pizzinelli, Marina Tavares, Mauro Cazzaniga, Longji Li, American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings, May 2025 (Forthcoming)\n\n- Energy Security and the Green Transition, with Florence Jaumotte, Gregor Schwerhoff, Energy Policy, Volume 198, March 2025, 114409\n\n- Climate change and monetary policy: issues for policy design and modelling, with W. McKibbin, A. Morris and P. Wilcoxen, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 2020"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Publications in Books and Conference Volumes",
      "content": "- Twenty-five Years of Inflation Targeting in Australia: Are There Better Alternatives for the Next Twenty-five Years? with W. McKibbin, Reserved Bank of Australia, 2018"
    },
    {
      "heading": "Other Published Materials",
      "content": "- Climate Change and Monetary Policy: Dealing with Disruption, with W. McKibbin, A. Morris and P. Wilcoxen, Brookings Climate and Energy Economics Discussion Paper, November 2017\n\n- Climate Hysteresis and Monetary Policy, ANU CAMA Working Paper No.76/2020"
    }
  ],
  "bullets": [
    "Ph.D. in Economics, Australian National University",
    "Master of International Economics and Finance, University of Queensland",
    "Master in Finance (1st Class-Distinction), Osmania University",
    "Bachelor in Accounting and Economics (Summa Cum Laude & University Valedictorian), University of Liberia",
    "IMF: Economist, Structural and Climate Policies Division, Research Department. 2022-23",
    "IMF: Economist, Multilateral Surveillance Division, Research Department. 2021-22",
    "Associate Lecturer of Economics: Australian National University",
    "Graduate Teaching and Research Analyst: Australian National University",
    "Research Consultant, Brookings Institution, USA",
    "Economist: Research, Policy, and Planning Department--Central Bank of Liberia",
    "Senior Economist: Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Republic of Liberia",
    "Head of Customs Risk Management and Trade Facilitation Unit: Ministry of Finance, Republic of Liberia",
    "FX Reserves and Investment Officer: Banking Department, Central Bank of Liberia",
    "Commendation for Outstanding Teaching Award (2020) | College of Bus. & Econ., Australian National University",
    "Vice-Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Education (2019) | Australian National University",
    "Excellence in Tutoring Awards (2018) | College of Business and Economics, Australian National University",
    "Dean’s Commendation for Academic Excellence (2016)| Faculty of Business, Economics and Law, University of Queensland, Australia",
    "Adam Smith Fellowship (2019-20) | Mercatus Center, George Mason University",
    "Economist, IMF European Department",
    "Hungary: Monetary, financial sector, structural and climate policies, 2024--present",
    "Regional Surveillance: IMF's Regional Studies on Europe, 2024--present",
    "Romania, 2023",
    "Multilateral Surveillance: G-20 economies, 2021-22",
    "Associate Lecturer in Economics, Australian National University, 2018-2020. [Taught courses in microeconomics (undergrad), macroeconomics and financial economics (postgrad), winning a 'Commendation for Outstanding Teaching Award (2020) and the ANU Vice Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Education Award (2019)]",
    "Adam Smith Fellow, George Mason University, 2019-2020",
    "Research Associate, ANU Centre for Applied Macroeconomic Analysis (CAMA), Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, 2021-Present",
    "Monetary Policy",
    "Open Economy Macroeconomics",
    "International Finance",
    "Energy and Environmental Economics",
    "[Energy Security and the Green Transition, Working Paper No. 2024/006](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2024/01/12/Energy-Security-and-The-Green-Transition-543806)",
    "[Making Romania Fit and Resilient for the Net-Zero Transition, IMF Selected Issues Paper No. SIP/2023/063](https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/Selected-Issues-Papers/2023/English/SIPEA2023063.ashx)",
    "[Europe’s National-Level Structural Reform Priorities](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2025/05/28/europes-national-level-structural-reform-priorities-567269), Working Paper No. 2025/104 , May 29, 2025",
    "[Key Challenges Faced by Fossil Fuel Exporters during the Energy Transition](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-climate-notes/issues/2024/03/26/key-challenges-faced-by-fossil-fuel-exporters-during-the-energy-transition-546066), Staff Climate Note No 2024/001 , March 27, 2024",
    "[Gen-AI: Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Work](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2024/01/14/gen-ai-artificial-intelligence-and-the-future-of-work-542379), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2024/001 , January 14, 2024",
    "[Energy Security and The Green Transition](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2024/01/12/energy-security-and-the-green-transition-543806), Working Paper No. 2024/006 , January 12, 2024",
    "[Labor Market Exposure to AI: Cross-country Differences and Distributional Implications](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/wp/issues/2023/10/04/labor-market-exposure-to-ai-cross-country-differences-and-distributional-implications-539656), Working Paper No. 2023/216 , October 4, 2023",
    "[Structural Reforms to Accelerate Growth, Ease Policy Trade-offs, and Support the Green Transition in Emerging Market and Developing Economies](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/staff-discussion-notes/issues/2023/09/21/structural-reforms-to-accelerate-growth-ease-policy-trade-offs-and-support-the-green-538429), Staff Discussion Notes No. 2023/007 , September 22, 2023",
    "[Hungary. Staff Report for the 2024 Article IV Consultation, IMF Country Report No. 24/268, August 2024](https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/CR/2024/English/1hunea2024001-print-pdf.ashx)",
    "[Romania: 2023 Article IV Consultation Staff Report No. 23/395. Contributor](https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/CR/2023/English/1ROUEA2023001.ashx)",
    "[G-20 Background Note on The Macroeconomic Impact of Food and Energy Insecurity, March 2023](https://www.imf.org/external/np/g20/032823.htm)",
    "[G-20 Surveillance Note, February 2022](https://www.imf.org/external/np/g20/021622.htm)",
    "[Strong, Sustainable, Balanced, and Inclusive Growth in the G-20, October 26, 2021](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/SPROLLs/SSBIG-reports)",
    "[Labor Market Exposure to AI: Cross-country Differences and Distributional Implications, October 2023](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WP/Issues/2023/10/04/Labor-Market-Exposure-to-AI-Cross-country-Differences-and-Distributional-Implications-539656?cid=em-COM-123-47236)",
    "[Structural Reforms to Accelerate Growth, Ease Policy Trade-offs, and Support the Green Transition in Emerging Market and Developing Economies, September 2023](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Staff-Discussion-Notes/Issues/2023/09/21/Structural-Reforms-to-Accelerate-Growth-Ease-Policy-Trade-offs-and-Support-the-Green-538429)",
    "[The Natural Rate of Interest and the Green Transition (in IMF April 2023 WEO Chapter 2)](https://www.imf.org/-/media/Files/Publications/WEO/2023/April/English/ch2.ashx)",
    "[Near-Term Macroeconomic Impact of Decarbonization Policies, IMF October 2022 WEO Chapter 3](https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/WEO/Issues/2022/10/11/world-economic-outlook-october-2022#-Near-Term-Macroeconomic-Impact-of-Decarbonization-Policies)",
    "[Reaching Net Zero Emissions: G-20 Background Note, June 22, 2021](https://www.imf.org/external/np/g20/pdf/2021/062221.pdf)",
    "A Gender Lens on Labor Market Exposure to AI, with Carlo Pizzinelli, Marina Tavares, Mauro Cazzaniga, Longji Li, American Economic Association Papers and Proceedings, May 2025 (Forthcoming)",
    "[Energy Security and the Green Transition, with Florence Jaumotte, Gregor Schwerhoff, Energy Policy, Volume 198, March 2025, 114409](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421524004294)",
    "[Climate change and monetary policy: issues for policy design and modelling, with W. McKibbin, A. Morris and P. Wilcoxen, Oxford Review of Economic Policy 2020](https://doi.org/10.1093/oxrep/graa040)",
    "[Twenty-five Years of Inflation Targeting in Australia: Are There Better Alternatives for the Next Twenty-five Years? with W. McKibbin, Reserved Bank of Australia, 2018](https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/confs/2018/mckibbin-panton.html)",
    "[Climate Change and Monetary Policy: Dealing with Disruption, with W. McKibbin, A. Morris and P. Wilcoxen, Brookings Climate and Energy Economics Discussion Paper, November 2017](https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/es_20171201_climatechangeandmonetarypolicyv2.pdf)",
    "Climate Hysteresis and Monetary Policy, ANU CAMA Working Paper No.76/2020",
    "**1. Pass-Through from Wages to Inflation**",
    "**1hunea2024001-print-pdf**",
    "**sipea2023063**",
    "**CHAPTER 2**"
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