## Fiscal Policies Database

## Source details

**Canonical URL:** [Fiscal Policies Database](https://www.imf.org/en/topics/imf-and-covid19/fiscal-policies-database-in-response-to-covid-19)

## Other formats

- [Markdown version](/en/topics/imf-and-covid19/fiscal-policies-database-in-response-to-covid-19/index.md)
- [Structured JSON version](/en/topics/imf-and-covid19/fiscal-policies-database-in-response-to-covid-19/index.json)
- [Bundle manifest](/en/topics/imf-and-covid19/fiscal-policies-database-in-response-to-covid-19/bundle-manifest.json)

---

### Overview
- The dataset is the Fiscal Monitor Database of Country Fiscal Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic compiled by the IMF Fiscal Affairs Department (October 2021).
- The database summarizes key fiscal measures governments announced or took in selected economies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic as of September 27th, 2021.
- It includes COVID-19 related measures since January 2020 and covers measures for implementation in 2020, 2021, and beyond.

### Coverage and scope
- Focus: government discretionary measures that supplement existing automatic stabilizers.
- Types of fiscal support categorized include above-the-line measures, below-the-line measures, and contingent liabilities.
- Geographic groupings referenced: Advanced economies (AEs), Emerging markets (EMs), Low-income developing countries (LIDCs).
- Country group averages are weighted by GDP in US dollars adjusted by purchasing power parity.
- Data labels use International Organization for Standardization country codes.

### Key findings and statistics
- Estimates are as of September 27th, 2021.
- Numbers in U.S. dollar and percent of GDP are based on October 2021 World Economic Outlook unless otherwise stated.
- The database highlights "Additional Spending and Forgone Revenue in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic (Percent of 2020 GDP)" and shows that budgetary fiscal support to people and firms has varied widely across countries.
- Discretionary fiscal response is presented separately for:
  - Advanced economies
  - Emerging markets
  - Low-income developing countries
- Sources used: Database of Country Fiscal Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic; and IMF staff estimates.

### Methodology, limitations, and notes
- The database is not meant for classifying measures for fiscal reporting, nor for comparison across economies; responses vary depending on country-specific circumstances, including the impact of the pandemic and other shocks.
- The database focuses on discretionary measures and recognizes existing automatic stabilizers differ across countries in breadth and scope.
- Estimates are preliminary as governments are taking additional measures or finalizing details of individual measures.
- The information does not represent views of the IMF on the measures listed; for broader monetary and financial policies, see IMF Policy Tracker.
- The boundaries, colors, denominations, and any other information shown on the maps do not imply, on the part of the International Monetary Fund, any judgment on the legal status of any territory or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries.

### Maintenance and contact
- The dataset is maintained by the IMF Fiscal Affairs Department and is an ongoing project.
- Comments, suggestions, and queries can be sent to IMF-Fiscal_CovidData@imf.org.

---

## Content in this bundle

- [January 2021 Charts and maps (XLSX)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/fiscalmeasures-databasejanupdate-for-publication-030221.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- **January 2021 Database**
  - [January 2021 Database (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/fiscalmeasuresdatabasejanupdate-030221.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"}
  - [January 2021 Database (PDF)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/fiscalmeasuresdatabasejanupdate-030221.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}
- [June 2020 charts and maps (XLSX)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/june-2020-fiscal-monitor-database-of-fiscal-measures-in-response-to-covid19.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- **June 2020 database**
  - [June 2020 database (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/june2020-fiscal-monitor-update-fiscal-measures-for-covid19-publication.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"}
  - [June 2020 database (PDF)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/june2020-fiscal-monitor-update-fiscal-measures-for-covid19-publication.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}
- **October 2020 Database**
  - [October 2020 Database (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/oct2020-fiscal-monitor-fiscal-measures-for-covid19-oct8.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"}
  - [October 2020 Database (PDF)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/oct2020-fiscal-monitor-fiscal-measures-for-covid19-oct8.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}
- [October 2020 Charts and maps (XLSX)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/october-2020-fiscal-monitor-database-of-fiscal-measures-in-response-to-covid19.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- **PDF file**
  - [PDF file (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/october-2021/oct-2021-country-fiscal-measures-database-publication.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"}
  - [PDF file (PDF)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/october-2021/oct-2021-country-fiscal-measures-database-publication.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}
- [Excel file (XLSX)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/october-2021/october-2021-country-fiscal-measures-database-publication.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- **April 2021 Database**
  - [April 2021 Database (Markdown version)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/sm21/fiscal-monitor-database-april-20201-v3.pdf.md){rel="alternate" type="text/markdown"}
  - [April 2021 Database (PDF)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/sm21/fiscal-monitor-database-april-20201-v3.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}
- [April 2021 Charts and maps (XLSX)](/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/sm21/revised-april-2021-fiscal-measures-response-database-publication-april-2021-v3.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- [July 2021 Charts and maps (XLSX)](/en/topics/imf-and-covid19https:/www.imf.org/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/july-2021-country-fiscal-measures-database-publication-v2.xlsx){rel="external" type="application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet"}
- [July 2021 Database (PDF)](/en/topics/imf-and-covid19https:/www.imf.org/-/media/files/topics/covid/fm-database/july-2021-country-fiscal-measures-database-publication-v3.pdf){rel="external" type="application/pdf"}

---

## References

- [IMF COVID-19 Hub](https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19)
- [Policy Tracker](https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/Policy-Responses-to-COVID-19)
- [Financial Assistance](https://www.imf.org/en/Topics/imf-and-covid19/COVID-Lending-Tracker)
- [Questions & Answers](https://www.imf.org/en/About/FAQ/imf-response-to-covid-19)
- [World Economic Outlook](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo)
- [Global Economy in Crosscurrents of War and Technology](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/weo/issues/2026/07/08/world-economic-outlook-update-july-2026)
- [Global Financial Stability Report](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/gfsr)
- [Global Financial Markets Confront the War in the Middle East and Amplification Risks](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/gfsr/issues/2026/04/14/global-financial-stability-report-april-2026)
- [Fiscal Monitor](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fm)
- [Fiscal Policy under Pressure: High Debt, Rising Risks](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/fm/issues/2026/04/15/fiscal-monitor-april-2026)
- [Regional Economic Outlook Reports, All Regions](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo)
- [Asia and Pacific](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/apac)
- [Europe](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/eu)
- [Middle East and Central Asia](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/meca)
- [Sub-Saharan Africa](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/ssa)
- [Western Hemisphere](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/reo/wh)
- [IMF Annual Report 2025](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/areb)
- [Getting to Growth in an Age of Uncertainty](https://www.imf.org/en/publications/areb/issues/2025/09/24/annual-report-2025)
- [More Publications](https://www.imf.org/en/publications)

_Source: https://www.imf.org/en/topics/imf-and-covid19/fiscal-policies-database-in-response-to-covid-19_