Taxes in Lithuania: Benchmarking and Policy Options

Selected Issues Papers, October 13, 2025

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Lithuania faces immediate fiscal challenges from increased defense needs adding to the existing long-term spending pressures.
Tackling these requires a multifaceted strategy, including revenue mobilization to ensure fiscal sustainability.
This note examines tax policy options, assessing potential changes and their effects.
It benchmarks Lithuania’s tax system with Baltic and European peers and analyzes revenue mobilization scenarios.
Findings suggest that improving VAT efficiency, and adjusting personal income and property taxes, could boost revenues while enhancing progressivity.

Immediate fiscal pressures are driven by increased defense needs combined with long-term spending pressures.
Benchmarking against Baltic and European peers highlights areas where Lithuania’s tax system diverges from regional comparators.
Revenue mobilization potential exists through:
- Improving VAT efficiency.
- Adjusting personal income tax.
- Adjusting property taxes.
Reforms could both boost revenues and enhance progressivity.

Improve VAT efficiency to capture revenue currently lost to exemptions, reduced compliance, or administrative gaps.
Adjust personal income tax parameters to increase revenues while considering distributional impacts.
Reform property taxation to broaden the base and increase revenues in a way that can be progressive.
Adopt a multifaceted strategy combining tax policy changes and revenue administration measures to ensure fiscal sustainability given rising defense spending and long-term pressures.

Benchmarks Lithuania’s tax system with Baltic and European peers.
Analyzes revenue mobilization scenarios to assess the effects of potential tax policy changes.
Focuses on corporate income tax, personal income tax, property tax, VAT efficiency, and revenue administration.

1. Benchmarking Tax Revenues
- 1. Benchmarking Tax Revenues (Markdown version)
- 1. Benchmarking Tax Revenues (PDF)