Archive 2025

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Contents

• Top 10 Blogs of 2025
  • Published: December 29, 2025
  • Authors: Jeff Kearns
  • Summary: Debt, Stablecoins, AI, and Global Economy’s New Era Drew Blog Readers
• Top Five IMF Blog Charts of 2025
  • Published: December 22, 2025
  • Authors: Andrew Stanley
  • Summary: Chart of the Week visuals illustrate major developments during a year of uncertainty and resilience
• How Stablecoins Can Improve Payments and Global Finance
  • Published: December 4, 2025
  • Authors: Tobias Adrian, Marcello Miccoli, Nobuyasu Sugimoto
  • Summary: New technology can foster innovation and financial inclusion, or cause fragmentation and turbulence in many countries
• Better Economic Measurement Is About Wiser Use, Not Just More Data
  • Published: December 3, 2025
  • Authors: Gita Bhatt
  • Summary: Statistics are a means, not an end, that should serve the public by helping us see the world more clearly and make better decisions
• Industrial Policy Can Lift Productivity—but Comes With Risks and Trade-offs
  • Published: November 25, 2025
  • Authors: Shekhar Aiyar, Mehdi Benatiya Andaloussi
  • Summary: Potential gains in targeted sectors and overall are not guaranteed and depend on careful policy design and implementation
• How Europe Can Capture the AI Growth Dividend
  • Published: November 20, 2025
  • Authors: Florian Misch, Ben Park, Carlo Pizzinelli, Galen Sher
  • Summary: Artificial intelligence could boost Europe’s productivity, but gains will hinge on efforts to deepen the single market and the calibration of regulation
• Policy Actions Can Reinforce Growth Progress in Many G20 Economies
  • Published: November 19, 2025
  • Authors: Nicolas Fernandez-Arias, Shushanik Hakobyan
  • Summary: Concerted action on economic reforms can help the G20 achieve the group’s collective growth ambitions, but the reforms with the biggest payoff vary across countries
• Sub-Saharan Africa: Steady Growth Amid Fiscal Challenges
  • Published: November 18, 2025
  • Authors: Abebe Aemro Selassie, Amadou Sy
  • Summary: Increasing government revenue and better managing debt can help foster resilience and accelerate growth
• Even as Global Uncertainty Surges, Economic Sentiment Remains Positive
  • Published: November 10, 2025
  • Authors: Hites Ahir, Nicholas Bloom, Davide Furceri
  • Summary: Amid rising geopolitical rifts and trade tensions, global economic uncertainty has surged, yet sentiment about economic prospects remains positive
• Asia’s Economic Growth Is Weathering Tariffs and Uncertainty
  • Published: October 16, 2025
  • Authors: Andrea Pescatori, Krishna Srinivasan
  • Summary: The region has proved unexpectedly resilient, aided by a front-loading of exports, technology investment, and policy support. To sustain strong and durable growth, it must now rebalance more toward domestic demand and deepen regional integration.
• Growth of Nonbanks is Revealing New Financial Stability Risks
  • Published: October 14, 2025
  • Authors: Tobias Adrian
  • Summary: Policymakers should strengthen oversight of nonbank financial intermediaries, whose increasing interconnectedness with banks could exacerbate adverse shocks
• Global Economic Outlook Shows Modest Change Amid Policy Shifts and Complex Forces
  • Published: October 14, 2025
  • Authors: Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas
  • Summary: Dialing down uncertainty, reducing vulnerabilities, and investing in innovation can help deliver durable economic gains
• Spending Smarter to Boost Growth
  • Published: October 7, 2025
  • Authors: Era Dabla-Norris, Davide Furceri, Zsuzsa Munkacsi, Galen Sher
  • Summary: Spending more efficiently and reallocating public funds toward investment and innovation can be a powerful growth strategy
• Economic Uncertainty Can Test the Resilience of the Foreign Exchange Market
  • Published: October 7, 2025
  • Authors: Andrea Deghi, Mahvash S. Qureshi, Tomohiro Tsuruga
  • Summary: Policymakers should enhance market surveillance through systemic risk monitoring including stress testing and scenario analysis
• Good Policies (and Good Luck) Helped Emerging Economies Better Resist Shocks
  • Published: October 6, 2025
  • Authors: Marijn Bolhuis, Arindam Roy, Patrick Schneider, Zhao Zhang
  • Summary: Stronger fiscal and monetary policy frameworks and more developed local currency debt markets have supported emerging market resilience
• Dollar’s Share of Reserves Held Steady in Second Quarter When Adjusted for FX Moves
  • Published: October 1, 2025
  • Authors: Glen Kwende, Erin Nephew, Carlos Sánchez-Muñoz
  • Summary: Exchange-rate effects drove nearly all the decline in the US currency’s share of foreign exchange reserves
• Explainer: Five Megatrends Shaping the Rise of Nonbank Finance
  • Published: September 29, 2025
  • Authors: Jay Surti
  • Summary: Half of all financial assets worldwide are now held and intermediated by companies that are not classified and regulated as banks
• Fiscal Rules Foster Stability as Spending Pressures Grow
  • Published: September 25, 2025
  • Authors: Era Dabla-Norris, Raphael Lam, Francisco Roch
  • Summary: Prudent anchors, corrective mechanisms, and supportive institutions can help countries comply with their fiscal rules and commit to sound public finances
• Stress Tests Can Help Determine How Much Capital Central Banks Need
  • Published: September 19, 2025
  • Authors: Romain Veyrune
  • Summary: Assessments can help clarify the appropriate capitalization to best ensure a sound institutional financial position
• Global Debt Remains Above 235% of World GDP
  • Published: September 17, 2025
  • Authors: Vitor Gaspar, Carlos Eduardo Goncalves, Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro
  • Summary: Decline in private lending offsets increase in public borrowing; notable differences persist across countries and income groups.
• How Stablecoins and Other Financial Innovations May Reshape the Global Economy
  • Published: September 4, 2025
  • Authors: Gita Bhatt
  • Summary: Policymakers will need to achieve a difficult balance between benefits and risks while safeguarding both individual consumers and financial stability
• New Standards for Economic Data Aim to Sharpen View of Global Economy
  • Published: July 31, 2025
  • Authors: Vladimir Klyuev, James Tebrake
  • Summary: The updated System of National Accounts better captures digitalization, intangible assets, and global production—helping governments support growth, jobs, and investment
• Global Current Account Balances Widen, Reversing Narrowing Trend
  • Published: July 22, 2025
  • Authors: Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas
  • Summary: Growing imbalances in largest economies underscore need for concerted adjustment in domestic macroeconomic policies
• Poorest Countries and Fragile States Are Increasingly Falling Behind
  • Published: June 26, 2025
  • Authors: Guillaume Chabert, Robert Powell
  • Summary: Support for developing countries should focus on grants and highly concessional loans for the poorest and fragile countries and helping the more advanced crowd in foreign investment and private finance
• Explainer: How the IMF Finances Itself and Why it Matters for the Global Economy
  • Published: June 25, 2025
  • Authors: Julie Kozack, Bernard Lauwers
  • Summary: Countries can count their contributions to the IMF as their own reserve assets under a unique funding model that does not require budget appropriations or any other taxpayer support
• Disclosing Public Debt Boosts Investor Confidence, Cuts Borrowing Costs
  • Published: June 12, 2025
  • Authors: Yan Liu
  • Summary: Greater debt transparency builds investor confidence, helps reduce borrowing costs, and strengthens debt sustainability—reducing the risk of shocks that can lead to a debt crisis
• How to Spur Economic Growth in Africa’s Fragile and Conflict-Affected States
  • Published: June 5, 2025
  • Authors: Wenjie Chen, Michele Fornino, Hamza Mighri, Can Sever
  • Summary: Enhancing institutions, improving governance, strengthening public engagement, and building international partnerships are critical to overcome fragility
• A United Europe Can Shape the Global Economy
  • Published: June 3, 2025
  • Authors: Gita Bhatt
  • Summary: The European Union must unite to shape today’s global economy, rather than be shaped by it
• Debt is Higher and Rising Faster in 80 Percent of Global Economy
  • Published: May 29, 2025
  • Authors: Era Dabla-Norris, Davide Furceri
  • Summary: Fiscal Policy under mounting uncertainty means government budgets need resilience—particularly in countries whose economic weight makes them influence global trends
• Fostering Core Government Bond Market Resilience
  • Published: May 21, 2025
  • Authors: Tobias Adrian, Kleopatra Nikolaou, Jason Wu
  • Summary: Policymakers should broaden central clearing and monitor market-making, including by nonbank financial institutions, while dealers must continue to build resilience
• AI Needs More Abundant Power Supplies to Keep Driving Economic Growth
  • Published: May 13, 2025
  • Authors: Christian Bogmans, Patricia Gomez-Gonzalez, Giovanni Melina, Sneha Thube
  • Summary: The power-hungry technology requires policies to help expand electricity supplies, incentivize alternative sources, and help contain price surges
• Asia Can Boost Economic Resilience Amid Surging Trade Tensions
  • Published: April 24, 2025
  • Authors: Thomas Helbling, Andrea Pescatori, Krishna Srinivasan
  • Summary: Stronger regional economic ties can help build resilience during a time of growing policy uncertainty
• Rising Global Debt Requires Countries to Put their Fiscal House in Order
  • Published: April 23, 2025
  • Authors: Era Dabla-Norris, Vitor Gaspar, Marcos Poplawski-Ribeiro
  • Summary: Amid heightened uncertainty, policymakers will need to deal with complex trade-offs between debt, slower growth, and new spending pressures
• Enhancing Financial Stability for Resilience During Uncertain Times
  • Published: April 22, 2025
  • Authors: Tobias Adrian
  • Summary: Risks have risen as financial conditions tightened, with key vulnerabilities ahead
• The Global Economy Enters a New Era
  • Published: April 22, 2025
  • Authors: Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas
  • Summary: Amid trade tensions and high policy uncertainty, the path forward will be determined by how challenges are confronted and opportunities embraced
• How to Build Public Support for Energy Subsidy and Pension Reforms
  • Published: April 16, 2025
  • Authors: Era Dabla-Norris, Davide Furceri, Mauricio Soto
  • Summary: Public approval is crucial for carrying out difficult reforms that can help countries lower debt and increase growth
• Migration and Refugee Policies Steer People, and Economies, in New Directions
  • Published: April 15, 2025
  • Authors: Paula Beltran Saavedra, Nicolas Fernandez-Arias, Samuel Mann, Carolina Osorio-Buitron
  • Summary: When destination countries tighten migration and refugee policies, it has economic ripple effects elsewhere
• How Rising Geopolitical Risks Weigh on Asset Prices
  • Published: April 14, 2025
  • Authors: Salih Fendoglu, Mahvash S. Qureshi, Felix Suntheim
  • Summary: Heightened tensions can hurt stock markets, raise government borrowing costs, and pose risks to financial stability
• Southeast Asia’s Economies Can Gain Most by Packaging Ambitious Reforms
  • Published: March 25, 2025
  • Authors: Anne-Charlotte Paret Onorato
  • Summary: Combining overhauls in areas including business and external regulation, governance, and human development can boost output levels by 3 percent over four years.
• How Artificial Intelligence Can Boost Productivity in Latin America
  • Published: March 20, 2025
  • Authors: Bas B. Bakker, Sophia Chen, Dmitry Vasilyev
  • Summary: Some countries risk missing out on the full economic benefits of AI, but more formal jobs and expanded digital access can help
• How Sound Economic Policy Can Help Prevent Conflict
  • Published: March 13, 2025
  • Authors: Franck Bousquet, Paul M. Bisca, Christopher Rauh, Benjamin Seimon
  • Summary: Simulations that incorporate machine learning-based predictions of conflict suggest large payoffs from preventive policies, including efforts to promote macroeconomic stability and growth
• How Talent Fuels Growth
  • Published: March 4, 2025
  • Authors: Gita Bhatt
  • Summary: Smart policies that help people realize their potential can be game-changing for entire societies
• How AI Can Help Both Tax Collectors and Taxpayers
  • Published: February 25, 2025
  • Authors: Thomas Cantens, Herve Tourpe
  • Summary: New generative AI tools can redefine the relationship between governments and citizens, but strong leadership and safeguards are fundamental.
• Foreign Direct Investment Increased to a Record $41 Trillion
  • Published: February 20, 2025
  • Authors: Topias Leino, Maja Gavrilovic
  • Summary: India, Mexico, Brazil, and some other major emerging economies recorded strong growth, while the United States continued to extend its lead as the top destination for direct investment
• Rising Rates May Trigger Financial Instability, Complicating Fight Against Inflation
  • Published: February 13, 2025
  • Authors: Katharina Bergant, Mai Hakamada, Divya Kirti, Rui C. Mano
  • Summary: Banking systems are largely insulated from inflation, but vulnerabilities at some banks could lead to tradeoffs between containing inflation and protecting financial stability
• As One Cycle Ends, Another Begins Amid Growing Divergence
  • Published: January 17, 2025
  • Authors: Pierre-Olivier Gourinchas
  • Summary: Growth divergences persist and could widen, while policy shifts may reignite inflation pressures in some countries
• How Artificial Intelligence Will Affect Asia’s Economies
  • Published: January 5, 2025
  • Authors: Tristan Hennig, Shujaat Khan
  • Summary: AI may widen inequality, but policymakers can counteract this with more effective social safety nets, reskilling programs, and regulations to promote ethical use of the technology

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Source: https://www.imf.org/en/blogs/archive/2025