Stephan Danninger heads the IMF’s Regional Studies Unit for Europe. He previously headed divisions covering Japan and the United States. During the global financial crisis, he was a researcher in the IMF’s World Economic Studies Division responsible for the publication of the World Economic Outlook. His research covers a variety of topics, including labor markets, economic growth, determinants of inflation and productivity, cross-country spillovers of financial stress, and growth enhancing structural reforms. He holds a PhD from Columbia University, New York.