Involving the Private Sector In Forestalling and Resolving Financial Crises
Prepared by the Policy Development and Review
Department, International Monetary FundMarch 17, 1999
Summing Up by the Acting Chairman, Executive
Board Meeting, March 17, 1999
Preface
Part I.
Foreground
Prevention
Measures to Facilitate the Private Sector's Involvement in
Forestalling and Resolving Financial Crises
Concluding Observations
Part II.
Background
Managing Risk and Liquidity in Volatile emerging Debt Markets
Embedding Derivatives in Debt Contracts
Private Sector Contingent Financing
Arrangements
Use of Derivatives in Debt Instruments to Provide
Insurance
External Debt Monitoring and Concerted Rollover of Short- Term
Debt
Coverage of Debt Monitoring
Use of Data Collected by Monitoring Systems
Concerted Rollover Operations
Restructuring International Sovereign Bonds
General Considerations
Possible Modalities of Bond Restructuring
Restructuring Brady Bonds
Restructuring Bonds Supported by Liens on
Borrowers'
Assets
Modification of Bond Contracts
Experience with Quasi-Sovereign and Sovereign
Bond
Restructuring
Official Enhancements of Emerging Market Debt Instruments
Official Enhancements to Attract New Money:
General Considerations
Recent Examples of Credit Enhancements
Official Support for Debt Restructuring
Tables
1.1
Progress on Previously Identified Measures to Improve Private Sector Involvement in
Forestalling and Resolving Financial Crises
2.1
Bonds That Can Be Put for Emerging Markets, 1999–2000
2.2
Loans That Can Be Put for Emerging Markets, 1999–2000
2.3
Maturing bonds Issued by Emerging Markets and
Sectors, 1999–2000
2.4
Selected Bond Restructurings
Figures
2.1
International New Bond Issues and Bond Redemptions
By Developing Country Sovereign Borrowers
2.2
International New Bond Issues and Bond Redemptions
By Developing Country Nonsovereign Borrowers
Boxes
2.1
Derivatives and Balance of Payments Crises
2.2
Design of Monitoring Systems
2.3
Korea
2.4
Indonesia, Thailand, and Brazil
2.5
Comparison Between Legal and Institutional Factors