Selected Issues Papers

The Importance and Drivers of Stock-Flow Adjustments in Mali

ByPeter Kovacs, Luc Tucker

July 19, 2023

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Format: Chicago

Peter Kovacs, and Luc Tucker. "The Importance and Drivers of Stock-Flow Adjustments in Mali", Selected Issues Papers 2023, 058 (2023), accessed 12/18/2025, https://doi.org/10.5089/9798400248764.018

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Summary

Stock-flow adjustments—extra-budgetary and below-the-line operations that do not reflect standard spending and revenue—have added 9 percentage points to the debt-to-GDP ratio in Mali over the past decade. That is just under a third of the total increase in public debt over that period. Despite their importance, there is little understanding of the causes of stock-flow adjustments. A number of actions could be taken to either reduce the occurrence of stock-flow adjustments or to increase transparency and monitoring which would assist fiscal policy decision-making.

Subject: Debt sustainability analysis, External debt, Fiscal policy, Government debt management, International organization, Monetary policy, Public debt, Public financial management (PFM)

Keywords: debt database, Debt sustainability analysis, debt-to-GDP ratio in Mali, fiscal policy decision-making, Global, Government debt management, headline deficit, Inflation, inflation forecasts, monetary policy, monetary unions, policy rates, stock-flow adjustment, Sub-Saharan Africa, WAEMU