IMF Working Papers

Macroeconomic Impact of the Itaipú Treaty Review for Paraguay

ByNatasha X Che

May 5, 2021

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Format: Chicago

Natasha X Che. "Macroeconomic Impact of the Itaipú Treaty Review for Paraguay", IMF Working Papers 2021, 129 (2021), accessed 1/11/2026, https://doi.org/10.5089/9781513573755.001

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Disclaimer: IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.

Summary

With the debt obligation of Itaipú Binational being completed paid off by 2023, the Annex C of the Treaty of Itaipú, which governs the operation and revenue distribution of the Itaipú Dam, is due for review and possible revisions. The implications for Paraguay’s export revenues and fiscal position are potentially significant. The paper reviews the current energy distribution and sales arrangements of Itaipú and the potential implication of the Annex C revision for the future.

Subject: Commodities, Electricity, Environment, Exports, Fiscal policy, Fiscal stance, International trade, Natural resources, Renewable energy

Keywords: Annex C revision, compensation payment, distribution of the Itaipú Dam, Electricity, Exports, Fiscal stance, Natural resources, Renewable energy, revenue distribution, sales arrangement

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