IMF Staff Country Reports

This paper describes economic developments in Nicaragua during the 1990s. During 1990–96, Nicaragua made substantial progress in reducing macroeconomic imbalances. Fiscal and monetary policies were strengthened, most price controls were eliminated, and foreign exchange and trade systems were liberalized. The structural reform program included privatization, the return to previous owners in the case of confiscated properties or liquidation of enterprises, which accounted for about 30 percent of GDP in 1990 and a reform of the banking system, including liberalization of interest rates and the establishment of an independent banking superintendency.