Selected Issues Papers

Kiribati, a collection of remote archipelagos of mostly low-lying atolls, faces significant risks from natural hazards and an existential risk from rising sea levels. This paper explores the critical needs for public investment in climate-resilient infrastructure to safeguard the nation's long-term prosperity and assesses the macroeconomic implications of such investments. To build moderate resilience, carefully designed fiscal policies and enhanced public investment efficiency are needed to alleviate the fiscal burden, maximize output gains from better infrastructure, and crowd in private investment, while maintaining debt sustainability.