Staff Discussion Notes

Fiscal Policy and Development: Human, Social, and Physical Investments for the SDGs

ByVitor Gaspar, Mercedes Garcia-Escribano, Delphine Prady, Mauricio Soto

January 23, 2019

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Vitor Gaspar, Mercedes Garcia-Escribano, Delphine Prady, and Mauricio Soto. "Fiscal Policy and Development: Human, Social, and Physical Investments for the SDGs", Staff Discussion Notes 2019, 003 (2019), accessed 12/5/2025, https://doi.org/10.5089/9781484388914.006

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Disclaimer: This Staff Discussion Note represents the views of the authors and does not necessarily represent IMF views or IMF policy. The views expressed herein should be attributed to the authors and not to the IMF, its Executive Board, or its management. Staff Discussion Notes are published to elicit comments and to further debate.

Summary

The goal of this paper is to estimate the additional annual spending required for meaningful progress on the SDGs in these areas. Our estimates refer to additional spending in 2030, relative to a baseline of current spending to GDP in these sectors. Toward this end, we apply an innovative costing methodology to a sample of 155 countries: 49 low- income developing countries, 72 emerging market economies, and 34 advanced economies. And we refine the analysis with five country studies: Rwanda, Benin, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Guatemala.

Subject: Development, Education, Emerging and frontier financial markets, Financial markets, Health, Infrastructure, Revenue administration, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

Keywords: Asia and Pacific, countries spend, developing country, Development, Emerging and frontier financial markets, emerging market economy, enhancing spending efficiency, equity-enhancing expenditure priority, Fiscal Policy, GDP, Global, low-income developing countries, SDN, spending, spending estimate, spending pressure, Sub-Saharan Africa, Sustainable Development Goals, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG)

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