Surging Energy Prices in Europe in the Aftermath of the War: How to Support the Vulnerable and Speed up the Transition Away from Fossil Fuels

By Anil Ari, Nicolas Arregui, Simon Black, Oya Celasun, Dora M Iakova, Aiko Mineshima, Victor Mylonas, Ian W.H. Parry, Iulia Teodoru, Karlygash Zhunussova

July 29, 2022

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Anil Ari, Nicolas Arregui, Simon Black, Oya Celasun, Dora M Iakova, Aiko Mineshima, Victor Mylonas, Ian W.H. Parry, Iulia Teodoru, and Karlygash Zhunussova. Surging Energy Prices in Europe in the Aftermath of the War: How to Support the Vulnerable and Speed up the Transition Away from Fossil Fuels, (USA: International Monetary Fund, 2022) accessed November 8, 2024

Disclaimer: IMF Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to encourage debate. The views expressed in IMF Working Papers are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the IMF, its Executive Board, or IMF management.

Summary

We estimate that the recent surge in international fossil fuel prices will raise European households’ cost of living in 2022 by close to 7 percent of consumption on average. Household burdens vary significantly across and within countries, but in most cases they are regressive. Policymakers have mostly responded to the shock with broad-based price-suppressing measures, including subsidies, tax reductions, and price controls. Going forward, the policy emphasis should shift rapidly towards allowing price signals to operate more freely and providing income relief to the vulnerable. The surge in energy prices will encourage energy conservation and investments in renewable energy, but the manyfold rise in natural gas prices could lead to a persistent switch towards coal. To ensure steady progress towards carbon emissions reduction goals, authorities could use the opportunity to strengthen carbon pricing when global fossil fuel prices decline in the future. Non-price incentives for investments in energy efficiency and renewable energy should also be enhanced, as envisaged in the RePowerEU plan.

Subject: Economic sectors, Energy prices, Environment, Fuel prices, Inflation, Natural gas sector, Non-renewable resources, Prices

Keywords: Carbon pricing, Climate mitigation, Distributional analysis, Electricity price, Energy conservation, Energy prices, Europe, Fossil fuel price, Fuel prices, Global, Household incidence, Inflation, Natural gas price, Natural gas sector, Non-renewable resources, Price decomposition, Price pass-through, Price signal, Social programs

Publication Details

Pages:

41
Volume:

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DOI:

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Issue:

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Series:

Working Paper No. 2022/152
Stock No:

WPIEA2022152
ISBN:

9798400214592
ISSN:

1018-5941

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